Documentation
JD Edwards EnterpriseOne Event Rules Code Text Export User Guide
Purpose
This guide explains how to export JD Edwards EnterpriseOne Event Rules (ER) code as plain text files for use with the JDE Reporting Platform.
The exported .txt files are used by the platform for:
- ESU Comparison Report generation
- Technical Specification Document (TSD) generation
- Customization analysis
- Retrofit planning
- AI-assisted documentation and code review
The JDE Reporting Platform expects JD Edwards ER export files to be available as text files before they are uploaded to object storage or passed into the processing pipeline.
Supported Extraction Options
There are two supported extraction methods:
-
JD Edwards Native Development Tools
- Form Design Aid (FDA)
- Report Design Aid (RDA)
- Event Rules print-to-file export
-
PatWel Group Object Browser
- Individual object export
- Batch export
- Text output suitable for large-scale comparison and documentation workflows
Recommended Extraction Priority
Use the following priority when selecting an extraction method:
| Priority | Method | Recommended Use |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | PatWel Object Browser Batch Export | Preferred for ESU comparison, large TSD batches, and repeatable client exports |
| 2 | PatWel Object Browser Individual Export | Useful for validating one object or exporting a small number of objects |
| 3 | JD Edwards FDA/RDA Print to File | Fallback option when Object Browser is not available |
Object Browser is recommended for production use because it provides more consistent text output, supports batch export, and can export from Pristine and Production sources more efficiently than manually printing each object from FDA or RDA.
Export Standards for the JDE Reporting Platform
Required File Format
All source exports provided to the JDE Reporting Platform must be plain text files.
Required:
.txt
Do not provide the following as source inputs:
.pdf
.docx
.xls
.xlsx
.html
PDF output is not supported as source input for this workflow because the platform processes staged text files.
Recommended Character Encoding
Recommended encoding:
UTF-8
If the export tool produces ANSI or another Windows code page, validate that the file opens cleanly in a text editor before uploading or processing.
File Naming Standards
ESU Comparison
The ESU comparison process compares paired Pristine and Production text exports for the same object.
Pristine file naming:
PS920_<OBJECTID>.txt
Production file naming:
PD920_<OBJECTID>.txt
Example:
PS920_P4210.txt
PD920_P4210.txt
TSD Generation
For TSD generation, use the source environment or path code prefix followed by the object ID.
Example:
DV920_P4210.txt
DV920_R42520.txt
Output Folder Standards
Recommended folder structure:
C:\JDE_ER_Exports
\DV920
\PS920
\PD920
\esu_compare_input
For ESU comparison, the final input folder should contain matched pairs in the same folder:
C:\JDE_ER_Exports\esu_compare_input
PS920_P4210.txt
PD920_P4210.txt
PS920_P01012.txt
PD920_P01012.txt
Option 1: Export ER Code Using JD Edwards Native Development Tools
Overview
JD Edwards native development tools can export Event Rules by printing the ER listing directly to a file from the Event Rules editor.
This method is best for:
- Single object review
- Small test exports
- Manual validation
- Environments where PatWel Object Browser is not installed
This method is not ideal for large-scale ESU comparison because each object must be opened and exported manually.
Prerequisites
Before using this option, confirm that you have:
- Access to a JD Edwards EnterpriseOne development client.
- Security access to Object Management Workbench (OMW).
- Access to the relevant path code or environment.
- Authority to open the target object in design mode.
- A destination folder where the
.txtfile can be written.
Important FDA/RDA Print Warning
When using the Event Rules print function, JD Edwards displays the following warning:
Event Rules will be printed only if the specs are saved.
To print the newly added ER lines save the specs and then print again.
Before exporting Event Rules:
- Save the object specifications.
- Save any recent Event Rules changes.
- Reopen or refresh the Event Rules editor if needed.
- Print the Event Rules again after saving.
Unsaved Event Rules will not appear in the exported file.
Option 1A: Export ER Code from an Interactive Application Using FDA
Use this process for interactive applications such as P01012, P4210, P55PARMS, or other Pxxxxx objects.
Step 1: Open Object Management Workbench
- Sign in to the JD Edwards EnterpriseOne development client.
- Open Object Management Workbench (OMW).
- Locate or create a project that contains the object you need to export.
- Add the interactive application object to the project if the object is not already present.
- Select the object in the project window.
Step 2: Confirm the Correct Local Specifications
Before printing Event Rules, confirm that the local specifications represent the environment you intend to export.
For TSD generation, use the environment or path code that represents the current-state object you want documented.
For ESU comparison, use the Advanced Get process described later in this guide to retrieve the object from both Pristine and Production before exporting.
Step 3: Open Form Design Aid
- Highlight the application object.
- Select Design or Start Design.
- Form Design Aid (FDA) opens.
- Select the form that contains the Event Rules you need to export.
Step 4: Open the Event Rules Editor
- Select the form, control, grid, button, or field that contains the logic.
- Open Event Rules using the available menu, toolbar, or right-click option.
- The Event Rules editor opens for the selected form event or control event.
Common FDA events include:
- Post Dialog Is Initialized
- Button Clicked
- Find Button Clicked
- Grid Record Is Fetched
- Field Changed
- Field Exit
- Dialog Is Exited
Step 5: Open the Print Dialog
With the Event Rules editor active, select:
File > Print
Step 6: Configure the Event Rules Printing Dialog
In the Event Rules Printing dialog, configure the export as follows.
Destination
Select:
File
Do not select:
Printer
Specify the full output path and filename.
Example:
C:\JDE_ER_Exports\DV920\DV920_P55PARMS.txt
For ESU comparison Pristine export:
C:\JDE_ER_Exports\PS920\PS920_P55PARMS.txt
For ESU comparison Production export:
C:\JDE_ER_Exports\PD920\PD920_P55PARMS.txt
Print Scope
Select:
Application
Selecting Application exports the Event Rules for the entire application. Users do not need to repeat the export for each individual form, control, or event when the goal is to export the full application for the JDE Reporting Platform.
Print ER Options
Recommended options:
[x] Expand Arguments
[x] Show Line Numbers
[x] Date/Time Stamp
[x] Show Comments
These options provide the richest export for ESU comparison, TSD generation, and later code review.
Step 7: Export the Text File
- Confirm that File is selected as the destination.
- Confirm that the filename ends in
.txt. - Confirm that the recommended Print ER options are selected.
- Click OK.
- Open the generated
.txtfile in a text editor. - Confirm that the Event Rules code is readable and that the file contains the expected object, form, event, comments, arguments, and line numbers.
Step 8: Validate the Full Application Export
When Application is selected as the Print Scope, the export should contain the Event Rules for the full application. Open the generated .txt file and confirm that the expected application-level ER content is present before uploading or processing the file.
Option 1B: Export ER Code from a Batch Application Using RDA
Use this process for batch applications such as R42520, R09801, or other Rxxxxx objects.
Step 1: Open Object Management Workbench
- Sign in to the JD Edwards EnterpriseOne development client.
- Open Object Management Workbench (OMW).
- Locate or create a project containing the report object.
- Add the UBE/report object if needed.
- Select the report object.
Step 2: Confirm the Correct Local Specifications
Before opening the report, confirm that your local specifications reflect the environment or path code you intend to export.
For ESU comparison, use Advanced Get to retrieve the report from the appropriate path code before exporting.
Step 3: Open Report Design Aid
- Highlight the report object.
- Select Design or Start Design.
- Report Design Aid (RDA) opens.
- Open the report template.
Step 4: Open Event Rules
- Select the section that contains the logic.
- Open the Event Rules editor.
Common RDA events include:
- Initialize Section
- Do Section
- End Section
- Column Inclusion
- Report Initialization
- Page Header
- Page Footer
Step 5: Print the Event Rules to a Text File
-
With the Event Rules editor active, select:
File > Print -
In the Event Rules Printing dialog, select:
Destination > File -
Enter a
.txtoutput file name.Example:
C:\JDE_ER_Exports\DV920\DV920_R42520.txt -
Set Print Scope to:
ApplicationSelecting Application exports the Event Rules for the full report/application object. Users do not need to repeat the export for each individual report section when the goal is to export the full object for the JDE Reporting Platform.
-
Use the recommended ER print options:
[x] Expand Arguments [x] Show Line Numbers [x] Date/Time Stamp [x] Show Comments -
Click OK.
-
Open the file in a text editor and confirm that the Event Rules are readable and that the expected full object content is present.
Advanced Get Process for ESU Comparison
Why This Is Required
The ESU Comparison Report compares Oracle-delivered Pristine objects against the client's customized Production objects.
To support this comparison, export two text files for the same object:
- A Pristine export from the Pristine path code.
- A Production export from the Production path code.
These files must be named as a matched pair:
PS920_<OBJECTID>.txt
PD920_<OBJECTID>.txt
The comparison tool uses the object ID to pair the Pristine and Production files.
Important Warning
Advanced Get updates the local specifications used by the signed-in JD Edwards user. Use a controlled workstation, a dedicated export user, or a clearly defined export process so local specs are not accidentally mixed between Pristine and Production exports.
After each Advanced Get, open and export the object immediately, then repeat the Advanced Get process for the next source path code.
Advanced Get from Pristine
Use this process to retrieve the Oracle-delivered Pristine version of the object.
Step 1: Open OMW
- Sign in to the JD Edwards development client.
- Open Object Management Workbench.
- Add the target object to an OMW project if the object is not already present.
- Select the object in the project window.
Step 2: Run Advanced Get
-
With the object selected, open the row menu.
-
Select:
Advanced > Advanced Get -
When prompted to overwrite local specifications, choose the option that allows the Pristine specifications to replace the current local copy.
-
In the path code search window, select the Pristine path code.
Common example:
PS920 -
Complete the Advanced Get.
Step 3: Export the Pristine ER Code
-
Open the object in FDA or RDA.
-
Open the Event Rules editor.
-
Select:
File > Print -
Select:
Destination > File -
Save the output using the Pristine naming convention:
PS920_<OBJECTID>.txt
Example:
C:\JDE_ER_Exports\PS920\PS920_P01012.txt
- Validate the
.txtfile.
Advanced Get from Production
Use this process to retrieve the client's customized Production version of the same object.
Step 1: Return to OMW
- Return to Object Management Workbench.
- Select the same object.
Step 2: Run Advanced Get
-
Open the row menu.
-
Select:
Advanced > Advanced Get -
When prompted to overwrite local specifications, choose the option that allows the Production specifications to replace the current local copy.
-
Select the Production path code.
Common example:
PD920 -
Complete the Advanced Get.
Step 3: Export the Production ER Code
-
Open the object in FDA or RDA.
-
Open the Event Rules editor.
-
Select:
File > Print -
Select:
Destination > File -
Save the output using the Production naming convention:
PD920_<OBJECTID>.txt
Example:
C:\JDE_ER_Exports\PD920\PD920_P01012.txt
- Validate the
.txtfile.
ESU Comparison File Checklist
Before uploading or processing files, confirm the following:
- Both files exist for each object.
- The Pristine file starts with
PS920_. - The Production file starts with
PD920_. - Both files use the same object ID.
- Both files have the
.txtextension. - The files contain readable ER code, not PDF or binary content.
- The files are stored in the same input folder for comparison.
Example valid pair:
PS920_P4210.txt
PD920_P4210.txt
Example invalid pair:
PS920_P4210.pdf
PD920_P4210.txt
Option 2: Export ER Code Using PatWel Group Object Browser
Overview
PatWel Group Object Browser is a third-party JD Edwards utility that can inspect JD Edwards objects and export object specifications and Event Rules to text or HTML files.
For the JDE Reporting Platform, use Text output.
Object Browser is recommended for:
- Batch extraction
- Repeatable export runs
- ESU comparison preparation
- Large-scale TSD input preparation
- Reducing manual print-to-file effort
Downloading Object Browser
Object Browser is provided by PatWel Group Inc.
Step 1: Open the PatWel Downloads Page
-
Open a web browser.
-
Navigate to the PatWel Object Browser download page:
Step 2: Select the Correct Version
Download the version that matches the JD Edwards development client architecture installed on the workstation:
- 32-bit Object Browser for 32-bit JD Edwards developer clients
- 64-bit Object Browser for 64-bit JD Edwards developer clients
The PatWel download page lists separate 32-bit and 64-bit versions and identifies the required Microsoft Visual Studio redistributable for each architecture.
Step 3: Remove Existing Versions if Needed
If an older Object Browser version is already installed, remove the existing version from Windows Add/Remove Programs before installing the new version.
Step 4: Install Required Redistributable
Install the Microsoft Visual Studio redistributable listed on the PatWel download page if it is not already installed.
Step 5: Install Object Browser
- Run the downloaded installer.
- Follow the installation prompts.
- Launch Object Browser after installation.
- Confirm that the tool opens successfully on the JD Edwards developer workstation.
Object Browser Requirements
Object Browser requires access to a JD Edwards developer or fat client workstation.
Before exporting, confirm:
- Object Browser is installed on the workstation.
- The workstation has access to the required JD Edwards path codes.
- The correct source path code is available.
- You know whether the export is for TSD generation or ESU comparison.
- The selected output format is Text, not HTML.
Option 2A: Export an Individual Object to Text
Use this process when exporting one object at a time.
Step 1: Launch Object Browser
- Open Object Browser.
- Connect using the appropriate JD Edwards credentials.
- Select the required source environment or path code.
Step 2: Locate the Object
- Use Object Search to locate the target object ID.
- Select the appropriate object type.
Examples:
P01012
P4210
R42520
B95110A
N55EXAMPLE
Common object types include:
- APPL
- UBE
- BSFN
- NER
- TER
Step 3: Review the Event Rules or Source
- Open the object.
- Navigate to the Event Rules or source code section.
- Confirm that the displayed logic is the logic you intend to export.
Step 4: Export to Text
- Select the export option for the object.
- Choose the option that exports Event Rules, object properties, or both, depending on the intended downstream use.
- Select text output.
- Choose the destination folder.
- Save the object export as a
.txtfile.
Recommended TSD naming:
DV920_<OBJECTID>.txt
Recommended ESU comparison naming:
PS920_<OBJECTID>.txt
PD920_<OBJECTID>.txt
Step 5: Validate the Export
- Open the
.txtfile. - Confirm that the file contains readable Event Rules code or source content.
- Confirm that the object ID and source path code are correct.
- Confirm that the file is not HTML or PDF.
Option 2B: Batch Export Multiple Objects to Text
Use this process for ESU comparison projects, large TSD generation batches, or a full object extraction run.
Step 1: Prepare the Object List
Create a list of objects to export.
Example:
P01012
P4210
R42520
B95110A
Keep separate export runs for each source path code used in ESU comparison.
Recommended folders:
C:\JDE_ER_Exports\PS920
C:\JDE_ER_Exports\PD920
C:\JDE_ER_Exports\DV920
Step 2: Launch Object Browser
- Open Object Browser.
- Connect to the correct JD Edwards environment.
- Confirm that the correct path code/source is available.
Step 3: Open Batch Export
From Object Browser, select:
Tools > Batch Export
Step 4: Configure Object Selection
In the Batch Export dialog, choose one of the following selection methods:
| Selection Method | Use Case |
|---|---|
| Object | Export one object or object name pattern |
| Project | Export objects from an OMW project |
| Input File | Export objects listed in an external input file |
For object type, select the appropriate type, such as:
APPL
UBE
BSFN
NER
TER
If exporting a known system code, populate the System field as needed.
Step 5: Configure OMW Date Updated Filter
The Batch Export dialog includes an OMW Date Updated filter with these options:
- No Selection
- Equal to selected date
- Less than selected date
- Greater than selected date
For most JDE Reporting Platform exports, use:
No Selection
Use date filtering only when the export needs to be limited to objects updated before, on, or after a specific OMW date.
Step 6: Configure Source
The Source field determines the source path code used for the export.
For TSD generation, select the current-state environment or path code.
Example:
DV920
For ESU comparison, run the export twice:
Pristine run:
Source = PS920
Production run:
Source = PD920
Step 7: Configure Required Export Options
For the JDE Reporting Platform, enable the following options:
[x] Export ER
[x] Show ER Line #s
[x] Show Logic Lines
These options are recommended because:
Export ERprovides the Event Rules text required by the platform.Show ER Line #ssupports line-level review and retrofit discussions.Show Logic Linesimproves readability of program flow and conditional logic.
Step 8: Configure Optional Export Options
Enable these only when the project requires additional information:
[ ] Export Object Properties
[ ] Show BSFN Path
[ ] Export Versions
[ ] Hide Disabled
Guidance:
| Option | Recommendation |
|---|---|
| Export Object Properties | Useful for fuller technical documentation, but increases output size |
| Show BSFN Path | Useful when troubleshooting business function references |
| Export Versions | Useful when version-specific details are part of the analysis |
| Hide Disabled | Use only if disabled ER should be excluded from analysis |
For most ESU comparison exports, include disabled logic unless the project explicitly decides otherwise. Disabled logic may still be relevant for retrofit planning or technical documentation.
Step 9: Configure Output Format
Select:
Text
Do not select:
HTML
HTML may be useful for manual review, but it should not be used as the primary input for the JDE Reporting Platform unless the ingestion logic has been explicitly updated to support HTML.
Step 10: Configure Export Location
Choose an export directory that identifies the source path code.
Examples:
C:\JDE_ER_Exports\PS920
C:\JDE_ER_Exports\PD920
C:\JDE_ER_Exports\DV920
Step 11: Configure Filename Options
The Batch Export dialog includes these filename options:
[x] Prepend Spec Location to Filename
[ ] Append Timestamp to Filename
Recommended setting for the JDE Reporting Platform:
[x] Prepend Spec Location to Filename
[ ] Append Timestamp to Filename
Prepending the spec location helps identify source environment/path code in the filename. Avoid appending timestamps when the files will be consumed by automated pairing logic, unless the files will be renamed before processing.
Step 12: Run the Batch Export
- Review all settings.
- Confirm that output format is set to Text.
- Confirm that the selected Source is correct.
- Confirm that the export location is correct.
- Click OK.
- Allow the export to complete.
- Review the generated
.txtfiles.
Recommended Object Browser Configuration for R4C
ESU Comparison Configuration
Run the batch export twice, once from Pristine and once from Production.
Pristine Export
Source: PS920
Output: Text
Export Location: C:\JDE_ER_Exports\PS920
Recommended options:
[x] Export ER
[x] Show ER Line #s
[x] Show Logic Lines
[x] Prepend Spec Location to Filename
[ ] Append Timestamp to Filename
Recommended final filename pattern:
PS920_<OBJECTID>.txt
Production Export
Source: PD920
Output: Text
Export Location: C:\JDE_ER_Exports\PD920
Recommended options:
[x] Export ER
[x] Show ER Line #s
[x] Show Logic Lines
[x] Prepend Spec Location to Filename
[ ] Append Timestamp to Filename
Recommended final filename pattern:
PD920_<OBJECTID>.txt
TSD Generation Configuration
Use the source that represents the current-state object to be documented.
Example:
Source: DV920
Output: Text
Export Location: C:\JDE_ER_Exports\DV920
Recommended options:
[x] Export ER
[x] Show ER Line #s
[x] Show Logic Lines
[x] Prepend Spec Location to Filename
[ ] Append Timestamp to Filename
Recommended final filename pattern:
DV920_<OBJECTID>.txt
Object Browser ESU Comparison Workflow
Goal
Use Object Browser to export the same object list from both Pristine and Production, then provide the paired .txt files to the ESU comparison tool.
Step 1: Export from Pristine
-
Launch Object Browser.
-
Open:
Tools > Batch Export -
Select the object list, project, or input file.
-
Set Source to:
PS920 -
Select output format:
Text -
Enable:
[x] Export ER [x] Show ER Line #s [x] Show Logic Lines -
Export to:
C:\JDE_ER_Exports\PS920 -
Confirm the files follow this naming pattern:
PS920_<OBJECTID>.txt
Step 2: Export from Production
-
Launch Object Browser or return to Batch Export.
-
Use the same object list, project, or input file used for the Pristine export.
-
Set Source to:
PD920 -
Select output format:
Text -
Enable:
[x] Export ER [x] Show ER Line #s [x] Show Logic Lines -
Export to:
C:\JDE_ER_Exports\PD920 -
Confirm the files follow this naming pattern:
PD920_<OBJECTID>.txt
Step 3: Combine Matched Pairs for Processing
Copy matched file pairs into a single input folder.
Example:
C:\JDE_ER_Exports\esu_compare_input
PS920_P01012.txt
PD920_P01012.txt
PS920_P4210.txt
PD920_P4210.txt
Step 4: Validate the Input Folder
Before running the ESU comparison process, confirm:
- Every
PS920_file has a matchingPD920_file. - The object IDs match exactly after the path code prefix.
- Files are text files.
- Files are not empty.
- Files open cleanly in a text editor.
- Timestamp suffixes have been removed if the processing script expects exact pair names.
Step 5: Run the ESU Comparison Tool
The JDE Reporting Platform compares paired Pristine and Production exports from the same input directory.
Example command:
python compare_esu.py examples/esu_compare output/
Single object example:
python compare_esu.py examples/esu_compare output/ --object P01012 --format docx
Client-specific output example:
python compare_esu.py examples/esu_compare output/ --client-id ACME
TSD Generation Workflow
Goal
Use a single text export for each object that should be documented.
Example input:
DV920_P01012.txt
DV920_R42520.txt
Step 1: Export the Object
Use one of the supported methods:
- JD Edwards FDA/RDA print-to-file
- PatWel Object Browser individual export
- PatWel Object Browser batch export
Step 2: Validate the Text File
Confirm:
- The file has a
.txtextension. - The object ID is present in the file name.
- The file contains readable ER code or source content.
- The file is not PDF, DOCX, or HTML.
Step 3: Run the TSD Generation Tool
Single file example:
python generate_tsd.py examples/tsd/DV920_R57M95921.txt
Folder example:
python generate_tsd.py examples/tsd output/
Folder example with skipped existing outputs:
python generate_tsd.py examples/tsd output/ --skip-existing
Recommended Method by Use Case
| Use Case | Recommended Extraction Method | Required Output |
|---|---|---|
| Single object review | FDA/RDA print-to-file | .txt |
| Small TSD sample | FDA/RDA print-to-file or Object Browser individual export | .txt |
| Production TSD batch | Object Browser batch export | .txt |
| ESU comparison | Object Browser batch export from PS920 and PD920 | PS920_*.txt and PD920_*.txt |
| Large client conversion or retrofit analysis | Object Browser batch export | .txt |
Troubleshooting
The Event Rules print output is missing recent changes
Possible cause:
- The specifications were not saved before printing.
Recommended fix:
- Save the object specifications.
- Save recent Event Rules changes.
- Reopen or refresh the Event Rules editor if needed.
- Print the Event Rules again.
The output file is unreadable
Possible causes:
- The wrong output destination was selected.
- The output was generated as printer output instead of file output.
- The file extension was changed to
.txt, but the content is not actually text.
Recommended fix:
- Use
Destination > Filein the Event Rules Printing dialog. - Re-export the ER code directly to a
.txtfile. - Open the output in Notepad or VS Code before processing.
The ESU comparison cannot find object pairs
Possible causes:
- File names do not follow the expected naming convention.
- The Pristine and Production files are in different folders.
- The object IDs do not match exactly.
- Timestamp suffixes were appended to the filenames.
Recommended fix:
Rename files using:
PS920_<OBJECTID>.txt
PD920_<OBJECTID>.txt
Place matched pairs in the same input directory.
Object Browser export creates HTML instead of text
Possible cause:
- HTML was selected as the export format.
Recommended fix:
- Re-run the export and select:
Output > Text
Advanced Get exported the wrong version
Possible causes:
- The wrong path code was selected.
- Local specifications were not overwritten.
- The object was opened before the correct Advanced Get was completed.
Recommended fix:
- Repeat Advanced Get from the correct path code.
- Overwrite the local specifications when prompted.
- Export immediately after retrieving the correct version.
Object Browser export does not include ER line numbers
Possible cause:
Show ER Line #swas not selected.
Recommended fix:
Re-run the export with:
[x] Show ER Line #s
Object Browser export does not show program flow clearly
Possible cause:
Show Logic Lineswas not selected.
Recommended fix:
Re-run the export with:
[x] Show Logic Lines
Final Export Checklist
Before sending files to the JDE Reporting Platform, confirm:
- Files are plain text files.
- Files use the
.txtextension. - PDF output was not used.
- HTML output was not used as the source input.
- FDA/RDA exports used
Destination > File. - FDA/RDA exports were printed after specifications were saved.
- Object Browser exports used
Output > Text. - Object Browser exports included
Export ER. - Object Browser exports included
Show ER Line #s. - Object Browser exports included
Show Logic Lines. - ESU comparison files are paired correctly.
- Pristine files use the
PS920_prefix. - Production files use the
PD920_prefix. - Object IDs match exactly across paired files.
- Files are stored in the correct input location.
- Files contain readable JD Edwards ER code or source content.